• May be presented by solo 99 or with more than one presenter, preferably a cross-section of new, experienced, recreational and/or aviation-employed 99
• "Pre-Flight Briefing": introduce yourself and/or today's 'flight crew' and explain about The Ninety-Nines. Optional - give personal flying history, time allowing
• Pose the first question 'How?" (place corresponding sign or overhead), with today as their starting point
  Answer the question…
• "Flight Briefing"; define various levels of licenses and their prerequisites. (Check current government and flying school standards) Describe, in basic terms, steps in achieving the first license, i.e. dual, solo, ground school
• Also provide food for thought for other aviation-related occupations, which are not necessarily flying, i.e. Air Traffic Controller, Flight Services Specialist, Avionics Maintenance or Maintenance Engineer, and their education and training requirements
• Pose the question, "How much does it cost?" (Details provided by gov't & flying schools, FBO's, etc. Resource the answers and have information ready)
  Total costs may seem intimidating but can be broken down into units not seemingly insurmountable, i.e. saving a portion of their weekly allowance which could pay for their ground school kit, arranging to pay for lessons on a monthly basis, not having to front the entire license cost, and part-time jobs.
• "ETA" Summary: Make motivational points
  i) setting goal - flying
  ii) taking as many steps - one step at a time, as needed
  iii) achieving in these fields surpasses gender bias; anyone can do the job
  iv) reinforcing, education, well-rounded interests, self-discipline, focus, planning and perseverance - and the sky's the limit
  v) inviting questions and browsing through displays or material brought
  
• Presenters Tips:
  Introduction: 3-5 minutes
  Pre-flight briefing: 7-9 minutes
  Flight Briefing: 5-7 minutes
  Summary: 2-3 minutes

Review these six steps with reinforcement to plan now, finish high school and stick with the studying and training necessary.

1) Consider joining Air Cadets which provide citizenship, discipline and aviation-oriented information and training, (sign)

2) Continue any sports activities in high school because studies prove mobility / agility activities enhance aviation (and special) endeavors (sign)

3) Do take math and science in high school, to complement flying training

4) Be ready at age 16 to start glider or powered flight training [sign]

5) Finish high school and be ready at age 18 to commence commercial license training [sign]

6) Be ready for post-secondary training, ie. community college course for various specialties or apprenticeships, or attend university [sign]

Display suggestions: 99s magazines, flying school & government brochures, a ground school kit, aircraft poster, cartoons...
Hand-outs: give written summary of points given orally
For Presenter: Your DEDICATION, DETERMINATION & MOTIVATION is readily self-evident as living proof. Enjoy yourself and they will too.

So you'd like to learn how to fly............

What category of aircraft interests you?
aeroplane | gyroplane | helicopter | glider | balloon | ultra-light aeroplane

What type of license do you want?
-student pilot permit - one for each category of aircraft
-recreational pilot permit - aeroplane or helicopter
-ultra-light aeroplane pilot permit
-gyroplane pilot permit
-glider pilot license
-balloon pilot license
-private pilot license - aeroplane or helicopter
-commercial pilot license - aeroplane or helicopter
-airline transport pilot license - aeroplane or helicopter

What ratings would you like endorsed?
-night
-land
-multi-engine
-VFR over the top
-sea
-instrument
-flight instructor second officer
-type - high performance
-type - minimum flight crew of two

Where do you start?
At the beginning! As a student pilot, your flight training unit will provide you with a course outline and study guides for the written examinations and flight tests.

Requirements to meet:
These factors vary, depending on the type of license you want to get.
-Age
-Knowledge - ground school & written examinations
-Medical fitness
- Experience - specific flight exercises & air time
-Fees
-Skill - competency shown on a flight test

In order to fly for the airlines, you will need to present a medically valid Airline Transport Pilot License to the interview team. To get that license, you need 1500 hours total flight time, a valid Group 1 (multi-engine) Instrument Rating, and 70% on three written examinations. The approximate cost of this is $80,000. Most pilots become flight instructors so that they can be paid to fly and count the experience or they go north and do time in the bush or the high Arctic. It's a demanding profession and you've go to want it so bad that you can taste it to succeed. In Canada today there are 75,000 licensed pilots (of which 5000 are female).

Aviation in Canada is regulated by the Federal Government. The Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) clearly state the requirements for all aviation-related activities. Flying schools are given operating certificates and are inspected regularly to ensure compliance with the standards. A student in Karnloops, British Columbia follows the same course of study as the student in Moncton, New Brunswick. Those students must meet the same requirements of knowledge, experience, and skill to ensure standardization across the country. Canada is a well-respected member of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and Canadian Licensing Standards exceed the ICAO minimums in most cases. A Canadian Pilot's License is held in high esteem world-wide and foreign students often come to Canada to learn how to fly. The approximate cost of dual flight instruction on a single engine aeroplane in Canada is $100 an hour. In the United Kingdom, the price doubles. As the cost of fuel and maintenance increases, so does the cost of flying. The average instructor wage is $ 20 an hour.

Sue Davidson, Licensing Officer, General Aviation
January, 1997

Fees - Effective January 1,1998

FOR FLIGHT TESTS: conducted by Transport Canada ..... $200.
This fee includes the fee for endorsement of a multi, type, instrument, or instructor rating.

FOR WRITTEN EXAMINATIONS:
Examinations written for the issue of a license are each .... $105.
This includes Private, Commercial or Airline Transport Pilot License Aeroplane and Helicopter, Balloon or Glider Pilot License; Flight Engineer License

Examinations written for the issue of a permit or rating are each .... $35
This includes Recreational Pilot Permit Aeroplane and Helicopter; PSTAR (if written at T.C.) Ultra-Light Aeroplane or Gyroplane Pilot Permit; Flight Dispatcher, Instrument Rating, instructor Rating, or Type Rating (IATRA).

To rewrite EACH SECTION of a sectionalized examination .... $35.

FOR LICENCES OR PERMITS:
Private Pilot License Aeroplane and Helicopter .... $55.

Recreational Pilot Permit Aeroplane and Helicopter *NEW* ....$55.

Balloon or Glider Pilot License; Ultra-Light Aeroplane or Gyroplane Pilot Permit .... $55.

Commercial Pilot License Aeroplane and Helicopter; Flight Engineer Licence... *INCREASE* .... $ 80.

Airline Transport Pilot License Aeroplane and Helicopter .... $100.

ALL ENDORSEMENTS: Night; Multi; Sea; VFR OTT; Instrument; Type; Instructor *NEW* .... $30.

FOR TEMPORARY DOCUMENTS:
This includes temporary licenses; permits; AND Medical Certificates .... $40.

FOR REPLACEMENT AVIATION DOCUMENTS: If lost, destroyed or mutilated .... $35.
This includes each license; permit; AND Medical Certificate.

ISSUE AN EXTENSION TO A FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR OR INSTRUMENT RATING: .... $50

RECURRING PILOT FEES:
Beginning January 1st Transport Canada will mail your renewed Medical Certificate and attached invoice. Civil Aviation Medical Examiners will NO LONGER ATTACH THE FEE to the Medical Examination Report.

TYPE OF PERMIT OR LICENSE	UNDER AGE 40 VALID FOR:	FEE	AGE 40 & OVER VALID FOR:	FEE
COMMERCIAL/ A.T.P.L	one year	$70	six months	$55
PRIVATE	two years	$85	one year	$55
BALLOON	two years	$85	one year	$ 55
GLIDER/ULTRA- LIGHT	five years	$185	five years	$185
RECREATIONAL	five years	$185	two years	$85

prepared by Sue Davidson Hamilton TC Centre 1-905-679-3449 December 17, 1996.

RECENCY

IF YOU'RE "RECENT" - GO DIRECTLY TO "CURRENCY"

If you have not acted as pilot-in-command (PIC) of an aircraft within five years preceding today's date, YOU'RE NOT RECENT!

There's only one way to get recent and that's to do the following:

1. Complete a flight review that covers all items normally covered during the flight test for the issue of that permit or license. This flight review must be conducted by the holder of a flight instructor rating for the same category of aircraft.
2. Have the flight instructor completing the review certify your personal logbook by stating "This is to certify that the skill requirement for ------- (permit or license) has been met". This certification shall include the date and the name, signature, and license number of the instructor.
3. Successfully complete the written examination Student Pilot Permit or Private Pilot License for Foreign and Military Applicants, Air Regulations (PSTAR); pass mark is 90%.

The above flight review is valid for twelve months. You need to exercise the PIC privileges of your license within one year of the flight review date to become "recent".

Sue Davidson General Aviation Hamilton District Office
First Edition Oct.10/96 (905)679-3449

CURRENCY

LOOK BACK 2 YEARS FROM TODAY'S FLIGHT - If you have not successfully completed a recurrent training program within the 24 months preceding today's flight, YOU'RE NOT CURRENT!

Even though you regularly fly as pilot-in-command, you must do something every 24 months to keep up with what's new.

There are seven ways to get yourself current. Choose one of the following methods, complete it successfully and you're current for ** two years** from that date.

1. Attend a safety seminar conducted by Transport Canada.
2. Participate in an approved recurrent training program which is designed to update pilot knowledge of human factors, meteorology, flight planning and navigation, and aviation regulations, rules and procedures.
3. Complete a training program or Pilot Proficiency Check.
4. Complete the requirements for issue or renewal of a pilot permit, license, or rating, including night, VFR over-the-top, multi, instrument, instructor, or landplane or seaplane ratings.
5. Complete the written exam(s) for a permits license, or rating.
6. Complete a flight review conducted by the holder of a flight instructor rating in the same category, including all items normally covered during the flight test for the issue of that permit or license.
7. **Annually ** complete a self-paced study program produced by Transport Canada, and carry the completed, most up-to-date copy with your license.

CAREERS IN AVIATION

PRIVATE PILOT'S LICENCE: Cost approx. $3200

• Age Requirements - You must be 16 to hold a student pilot permit and 17 to hold licence.
• Must pass medical by a Transport Canada approved doctor
• Must pass both a written exam and flight test by a Ministry of Transport examiner.

Course Outline:

20 hrs.	Dual flying
20 hrs.	Solo flying
5 hrs.	Instrument
40 hrs.	Ground school

*No specific schooling is required

COMMERCIAL PILOT'S LICENCE: Cost approx. $5400

This license is an expansion of the private pilot's license, and is the first step in the path for a future professional pilot.

Age Requirements - You must be 18 upon completion of course

Course Outline:

	MINIMUM 200 hrs total flying time
	100 hrs PIC
	20 hrs cross country**
	40 hrs Ground School
	Must pass a written exam to 60% and a flight test to 70%

**cross-country means that the pilot must fly a triangle from London to two other airports and back(ie. a pilot might fly from London to St. Thomas to Kitchener and then back to London)

After you have obtained your Commercial Pilot's Licence you may wish to obtain other ratings such as a multi-engine rating, an instrument rating, or a flight instructor rating.

RELATED FIELDS

Airline Pilot:
Education	A University Degree - it does not have to be related to aviation, it can be in anything from Biology to Economics
Requirements:	Age: None Must hold Private and Commercial licences, Multi-Engine and Instrument ratings, and have several hundred hours flying experience
Estimated Yearly Salary:	Varied

Air Traffic Controller:
Education:	A High School Diploma
Requirements:	Must pass medical requirements Do not need to hold Private License, but must pass entrance test and interviews
Estimated Yearly Salary:	1st year - $17,000 while in training; after licenced can range from $50,000 - $200,000 Training is approx. 9 months, and room and board, and a salary are provided while at the centre in Corwall.

NASA RESOURCE LIST
GENERAL PUBLIC INQUIRIES

For general information on NASA programs, write to the public inquiries office at any NASA center. A general summary of each center's mission follows:

NASA HEADQUARTERS, Washington, DC 20546. Plans, directs and manages the space flight centers, research centers and other installations that comprise NASA.

AMES RESEARCH CENTER, Moffett Field, CA 94035. Research and development of technology in the fields of aeronautics, space science, life science and spacecraft technology.

DRYDEN FLIGHT RESEARCH FACILITY, PO Box 273, Edwards, CA 93523. Conducts flight test operations.

GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER, Greenbelt, MD 20771. Primary center for satellites and rockets. Home of the National Space Science Data Center (high-speed computers).

JET PROPULSION LABORATORY, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109. Associated with deep space probes.

JOHN C. STENNIS SPACE CENTER (formerly National Space Technology Laboratories, NSTL), Bay St. Louis, MS 39529. Conducts environmental and oceanographic programs.

JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, Houston, TX 77058. Lead center for the Space Shuttle program and the Space Station. Manages manned space flight and the astronaut program.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899. Primary center for the tests checkout and launch of space vehicles. Launch and recovery site for Space Shuttle.

LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER Hampton, VA 23665. Research and development of advanced concepts and technology for future aircraft. Supports manned and unmanned space programs.

LEWIS RESEARCH CENTER, 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleveland, OR 44135. Research and development in propulsion, space communications systems and wind energy.

MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER, Marshall Space Plight Center, AL 35812. Responsible for Space Shuttle payloads, payload mission planning and operations, and future space systems.

WALLOPS FLIGHT FACILITY, Wallops Island, VA 23337. Prepares, assembles, launches and tracks space vehicles.

OTHER FREQUENTLY REQUESTED RESOURCES

For	Prices and Information
Scientific and technical papers and mission reports	National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22151 (703) 487-4600
NASA photos	OSC Exchange Store NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX 77058 Astronomical Society of the Pacific 1290 24th Avenue San Francisco, CA 94122
Posters, publications, lithographs and decals	Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402
Photos of Earth from space (Landsat, Skylab and aerial photography)	EROS Data Center Users Services Unit Sioux Falls, SD 57198 (605) 594-6511 Ext. 151
Astronaut information and photographs	NASA Johnson Space Center Astronaut Office, Code CB Houston, TX 77058
Federal Employment	Listed in your local telephone directory under US Governement Federal Information Center
Space Camp located in Huntsville, Alabama and Titusville, Florida. The camp is operated by the Mercury Seven Foundation and the U.S. Space Camp Foundation.	United States Space Camp The Space and Rocket Center Tranquility Base Huntsville, AL 35807
Young Astronauts Program is a privately sponsored, non-profit educational organization. Chapters are formed by schools, community groups or interested businesses,	The Young Astronaut Council Post Office Box 65432 Washington, DC 20036

What Should You Do To Prepare For An Aerospace Career Now?
Education is a critical requirement. What are your favorite subjects? Mathematics and science are the basis for an aerospace technology career. Decisions you make in school can affect your career possibilities. Some of the recommended high school courses are listed below:

How Can You Find Out More About Aerospace Jobs?
Contact people working in the aerospace field such as scientists, engineers, and technicians. Your teacher or guidance counselor should be able to arrange this for you or your class. Visit your school and public libraries to get names of professional organizations you can contact for more information. Contact the NASA personnel office closet to you if you would like additional information.

Some Types of Aerospace Careers

What Are Engineers?
Engineers are people who make things work. The work and ideas of engineers make achievements possible. They put power and materials to work. Engineers have moved America into skyscrapers, high speed cars, jets, and space vehicles. They make life interesting, comfortable, and fun.

Computers, television, and satellites -- products of the communication industry -- depend on engineers. Engineers will design safe and comfortable space stations for the 21st century.